Aortic Regurgitation
Posted: 17 Jan 2012, 10:57
Associated clinical signs that accompany aortic regurgitation include:
Causes of chronic aortic insufficiency
- Wide pulse pressure
- Decrescendo early diastolic murmur (heard best while the patient is leaning forward on deep expiration)
- Austin-Flint murmur (caused by the regurgitant flow causing vibration of the mitral apparatus)
- Pulsus bisferiens; increased pulse pressure; visible, forceful, and bounding peripheral pulses (water hammer)
- Corrigan's pulse - Quickly collapsing pulse
- Musset's sign - Bobbing of the head
- Quincke's sign - Capillary pulsations of the nail bed
- Muller's sign - Pulsations of the uvula
- Hill's sign - Systolic pressure in lower extremity greater than systolic pressure in upper extremity by at least 100 mmHg.
- Traube's sign - Loud systolic sound over femoral arteries ('Pistol-shot' femorals)
- Duroziez sign - Systolic-diastolic murmur produced by compression of femoral artery with a stethoscope.
- Rheumatic
- Infective endocarditis
- Ruptured sinus of Valsalva
- Trauma, prosthetic valve surgery
- Aortic dissection, laceration of the aorta
Causes of chronic aortic insufficiency
- Rheumatic
- Syphilis
- Aortitis (that is, Takayasu disease)
- Marfan's syndrome
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Bicuspid aortic valve, defect of the interventricular septum or sinus of Valsalva
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Reiter's syndrome
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Hypertension
- Infective endocarditis.